Carlos Toledo · independent certification

Independent exact certification of machine-generated mathematics

AI systems now propose mathematical claims faster than anyone reads them, and most checks compare decimals. Each claim here is decided in exact arithmetic, without running the claimant’s code, and the outcome is published as a re-runnable certificate: proved, refuted with a witness, or refused with the reason. The theorems on this site are the calibration; the audits are the work.

kissing bounds of an autonomous discovery system
19 of 19
every pair decided exactly · 9.75 × 10¹⁵ pairs · the claimant published its points at the system’s request
a Lean certificate for Navier–Stokes blowup
certified
partial at the announced commit, certified at the next · every hypothesis read against the statement
tolerance graders against provably wrong answers
89.5%
admitted by an absolute-tolerance grader · a certificate grader admits none and rejects nothing right

The audits → · Contact →

three lines of work

What is decided here

the register

Decided recently

131 published claims decided since August 2026, each with its verdict and the record that decided it. The monthly registers: September, October. What was refused, by kind.

outside the building

What has come back

Every send and its status, with the status words meant exactly, is on the about page. Nothing here has been peer-reviewed; the pages ship their own falsifiers rather than asking for trust.

the method

How a verdict is made

A claim is read as a predicate over a declared box of inputs and decided in exact rational arithmetic or in outward-rounded interval arithmetic; the claimant’s program is never run in the trust path. The verdict is one of three words — CERTIFIED, REFUTED with the falsifying object, REFUSED with the reason — and NEEDS DATA where the claimant published no bytes. Every battery carries red controls, deliberately wrong inputs that must be rejected before a page is published, and every record is pinned by path and SHA-256. The method paper describes the arithmetic, the certifiers and the discipline; the rerun kit re-derives any decided claim with the standard library.

about

Who

Carlos Toledo, working alone, from Brazil. The mathematics, the design of every check and the decision about what may be claimed are the author’s; the writing and much of the implementation are done with AI assistance under the discipline above. Open to collaboration — an independent audit of a release or a registry, a benchmark review, a certified decision product — and to roles in evaluation and verification. A conventional CV on request.

carlos@carlostoledo.co · About → · GitHub · DOI